Scrum PSM-III 問題集 : Professional Scrum Master level III (PSM III)

正解：

From a Scrum Master's perspective, replacing the Daily Scrum with a weekly update meeting isnot consistent with Scrumand would significantly weaken the team's ability to inspect and adapt effectively, regardless of the Sprint length.
First, Scrum explicitly defines theDaily Scrum as a required event. The Scrum Guide states that the Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event held every working day of the Sprint for the Developers. The length of the Sprint-whether one week or one month-does not change the purpose or necessity of this event. Therefore, by choosing not to have a Daily Scrum, the team wouldno longer be practicing Scrum, but rather a Scrum- like process.
Second, the Daily Scrum isnot a status meeting. Its primary purpose is to allow the Developers toinspect progress toward the Sprint Goal, synchronize their work, andadapt the Sprint Backlogas needed. A weekly meeting dramatically reduces the frequency of inspection and adaptation, delaying the discovery of issues such as integration problems, misalignment, or risks to the Sprint Goal.
Third, removing the Daily Scrum negatively impactstransparency, one of Scrum's three pillars of empiricism. Without daily synchronization, important information about progress, impediments, and discoveries becomes stale or hidden. This reduced transparency increases the likelihood that work will drift away from agreed standards, fail to integrate properly, or no longer support the Sprint Goal by the end of the Sprint.
Fourth, the argument that a one-month Sprint justifies less frequent inspection reflects a misunderstanding of empiricism. Longer Sprintsincrease risk, which makes frequent inspection and adaptation more important, not less. The Daily Scrum provides a regular opportunity to realign the team and respond early to emerging problems, thereby reducing waste and rework.
Finally, as a Scrum Master, my role is toteach and coachthe Scrum Team on the purpose and value of Scrum events. Rather than removing the Daily Scrum, I would help the Developers improve how they use it-for example, ensuring it focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal and actionable planning for the next 24 hours, instead of turning into a reporting session.

正解：

If not all Development Team members are present at theDaily Scrum, several risks are introduced that undermineempiricism, collaboration, and the team's ability to achieve theSprint Goal.
First,transparency is reduced. The Daily Scrum exists to create a shared understanding of progress, plans, and impediments. When some Developers are absent, their work, discoveries, risks, or impediments are not fully visible to the rest of the team. This results in an incomplete or inaccurate picture of the Sprint Backlog's current state.
Second,inspection becomes ineffective. The Daily Scrum is the primary event where Developers inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal. Missing perspectives means that inspection is based on partial information, increasing the likelihood that important issues-such as integration problems, dependencies, or quality concerns-go unnoticed until later in the Sprint.
Third,adaptation is delayed or suboptimal. Without full participation, the team may make planning adjustments that do not account for all constraints or opportunities. This can lead to rework, misalignment, or duplicated effort, and increases the risk of failing to meet the Sprint Goal.
Fourth, the absence of team members weakenscollective ownership and accountability. The Daily Scrum reinforces that the Developers are jointly responsible for the Sprint Goal. Regular absence can create silos, reduce collaboration, and signal that shared planning and alignment are optional.
Finally, over time, inconsistent attendance can turn the Daily Scrum into astatus meeting for those present, rather than a collaborative planning event for the whole team. This undermines Scrum Values, particularly Commitment, Respect, and Openness.

正解：

When a Development Team is distributed across different physical locations and faces logistical overhead just to start theDaily Scrum, this situation represents animpediment to effective inspection and adaptation. As a Scrum Master, the appropriate action is toenable the team to inspect and adapt more effectively, not to control or manage logistics on their behalf.
1. Help the Team Establish a Stable and Simple Daily Scrum Setup
The Scrum Master should work with the Development Team toinspect and improve how the Daily Scrum is conducted. This may include:
* Agreeing on afixed time and virtual location,
* Standardizing tools (e.g., always the same conferencing solution),
* Reducing setup effort so the event can start on time and remain within its 15-minute timebox.
This supports transparency and reduces unnecessary waste.
2. Remove or Reduce Organizational and Technical Impediments
If logistical difficulties stem from organizational constraints-such as lack of proper tooling, inadequate rooms, or unreliable communication infrastructure-the Scrum Master shouldaddress these as impediments.
This may involve working with IT or management to provide stable tools that enable smooth collaboration.
3. Coach the Team Toward Self-Management
Rather than running the Daily Scrum or handling logistics personally, the Scrum Master shouldcoach the Developers to self-managehow they organize the event. The goal is for the team to own and continuously improve the Daily Scrum in a way that fits their distributed context.

正解：

Ordering the Product Backlog is a key accountability of theProduct Ownerand is essential for maximizing value through empiricism. The ordering reflects continuous inspection of multiple variables, not a single prioritization rule.
1. Value and Outcomes
The primary variable isvalue. The Product Owner considers:
* Customer and user value,
* Business impact and outcomes,
* Alignment with theProduct Goal.
Items that deliver higher or more urgent value are generally ordered higher.
2. Risk and Uncertainty
Items that reducerisk or uncertaintyare often ordered earlier. This includes:
* Technical risk,
* Market or usability risk,
* Integration or dependency risk.
Early learning enables better decisions and reduces long-term cost.
3. Dependencies
The Product Owner considersdependenciesbetween backlog items and teams. Items that unblock other work or reduce dependencies may be ordered higher to improve flow and reduce coordination overhead.
4. Effort, Complexity, and Feasibility
While Developers estimate effort, the Product Owner uses this information to balance value againstcost, complexity, and feasibility. High-value items that are feasible within near-term constraints are often prioritized.
5. Feedback and Learning
Ordering reflectsfeedback from Sprint Reviews, user testing, and market response. Items may move up or down based on what has been learned from previous Increments.
6. Time Sensitivity and Opportunity Cost
Some items are time-critical due to:
* Regulatory deadlines,
* Market windows,
* Competitive pressure.
Delaying such items may reduce or eliminate their value.